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Across 3. This shot is taken when the camera is mounted on the moving platform or dolly and moves toward or away from the subject - the camera is said to dolly in or dolly out.In modern times some of this function has been taken over by the zoom lens. 4. This is most often present in the film as part of the background to help convey the sense and feeling of location. They are the normal sounds you would expect to hear if you were in that place, although they are often recorded and added seperately to the scene later on in the film making process. 5. This shot is taken when the camera is mounted on a moving platform and keeps the subject in view whilethe camera is moving. It is often used with a moving subject. 10. Often film-makers, with the proper permission and acknowledgments, use songs already written to suggest a particular theme, place or feeling. 11. This shot is taken with a zoom lens which can allow continuous movement from a wide angle or long shot to close-up without moving the camera. 12. These are deliberatley used to create a particular atmosphere e.g police sirens suggesting a threatening city, a door creaking creating tension and suggesting the unexpected. 13. This is another way that words are sometimes used to tell the story. The words are spoken by someone not in the frame. It is often the narrator who may not actually be part of the story being told but it can also be used to allow characters to comment on scenes they are not in. 14. The camera can be tilyed in various ways to suggest a reaction to a scene or object usually involving strangeness, imbalance, tension or the unexpected.

Down 1. This shot involves the camera taking the view of one of the characters. The camera becomes the character's eyes and sees things only from that character's perspective. 2. This is a vital part of any film and helps to tell its story. It is constructed to support the action on the screen through sound and is often chosen to reflect the main themes of the film or the personalities and/or qualities of its characters. 6. This shot occurs when the camera pivots from left to right or up annd down. With this shot, the camera must move very slowly so that the frame is always in clear focus. 7. This is one of the most obvious ways in which a film tells its story. It is in the word of the actors that the narrative is largely developed, the issues primarily presented and the themes most obviously explored. It is written by screenwriters. 8. Sometimes songs are written specifically for a particular movie. The words are used in these songs to expand on themes and ideas that are being presented in the film. 9. This type of music is basically used to help create atmosphere in a film. It is generally an instrumental piece that adds to the pictures, and perhaps dialogue, and helps shape the viewer's attitude to what is happening on the screen. It is often played behind the opening titles or behind the end credits of a film. In a horror film, a piece of this type of music may be used to make the viewer feel frightened or uncomfortable. e.g Jaws, Jurassic Park. This type of music can also be associated with the appearence of a character or special event.