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Across 7. The process that continually adds new material to the ocean floor is __________________. (2 words) 9. The lithosphere includes all of the CORE and part of the mantle. 10. The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's crust are in constant, slow motion is called ________________. (2 words) 12. A device that scientists use to map the ocean floor is _________________. 15. DENSITY is the measure of how much mass there is in volume of a substance. 16. As oceanic crust moves away from the MID-OCEAN RIDGE, it cools and becomes more dense. 17. What erupts through the valley of the mid-ocean ridge? (2 words) 18. A rift valley forms along a CONVERGENT boundary on land. 19. The transfer of energy through empty space is called__________________ 20. Earth's lithosphere is broken into separate sections called______________ 21. The supercontinent that began to break apart about 225 million years ago is called ANTARCTICA. 22. A scientific ___________ is a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations.

Down 1. In the convection current of a pan of soup, the cooler,denser fluid_________ (4 words) 2. Fossils of tropical plants found on an island in the Arctic Ocean are evidence for the theory of_____________. (2 words) 3. _____________ is the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath trenches. 4. Who first proposed the theory of continental drift? (2 words) 5. A ______________ boundary is a place where two plates slip past each other. 6. A break in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other is called a ______________. 8. Continental crust consists mainly of the rock________________. 11. Heat transfer by the movement of a heated fluid is called _______________. 13. The ________________ is the part of the mantle that can bend like plastic. 14. Scientists who study the forces that make and shape planet Earth are called___________