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Across 1. High-frequency sound waves. Ultrasound waves can be bounced off of tissues using special devices. 4. The depth of tissue at which the ultrasound intensity is half its initial intensity. 8. The redirection of a wave at an interface the ultrasound wave enters the tissue at one angle and continues through the tissue at a different angle. 14. The steady, circular flow of cellular fluids induced by ultrasound. 15. The degree to which a material absorbs ultrasound 19. The formation, growth, and pulsation of gas-filled bubbles caused by ultrasound 20. The decrease in ultrasound intensity as ultrasound travels through tissue. 21. The application of ultrasound in conjunction with a topical drug preparation as the ultrasound transmission medium 23. Conversion of the mechanical energy of ultrasound into heat. 24. The number of compression-rarefaction cycles per unit of time, expressed in cycles per second, or hertz (Hz). 25. The average intensity of the ultrasound during the on time pulse. 26. Decrease in density of a material as ultrasound waves pass through it.

Down 2. The proportion of the total treatment time that the ultrasound is on. 3. Is generally used to produce thermal effects. 5. The ratio of the spatial peck intensity to the spatial average intensity. 6. The area of the transducer from which the ultrasound energy radiates. 7. Microscale eddying that takes place near any small, vibrating object. 9. The redirection of an incident beam away from a surface at an angle equal and opposite to the angle of incidence. 10. Unit used to apply a high-frequency alternating electrical current to a crystal. 11. Intensity maxima and minima at fixed positions one-half wavelength apart. 12. Produces only non-thermal effects, has been shown to facilitate tissue healing, modify inflammation, and enhance transdermal drug delivery 13. The spatial average intensity of the ultrasound averaged over the on time and off time of the pulse. 16. Increase in density of a material as ultrasound waves pass through it. 17. The development of new blood vessels at an injury site. 18. The crystal is made of this material. 22. The power per unit area of the sound head, expressed in watts per centimeter squared (W/cm²).