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Across 2. The ____________ is a Lutheran congregational hymn tune. 4. The early baroque was characterized by ____________ texture. 6. The late baroque was characterized by ____________ texture. 9. The two giants of baroque composition were George Frideric Handel and _____________ 10. The first opera house in Europe to offer entry to anyone with the price of admission opened in 1637 in 11. In their use of aria, duet, and recitative, Bach's cantatas closely resembled the ____________ of the time. 13. The main theme of a fugue is called the 16. The concerto grosso most often has three movements whose tempo markings are (three words) 18. Sets of dance-inspired instrumental movements are called 22. ____________ refers to a vocal line that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech. 23. _________________ is a musical procedure in which a fugue subject is imitated before it is completed 25. (two words) ____________ ____________ refer to the sudden alternation from one dynamic level to another. 26. _____________ wrote the first known opera in the Baroque period. 27. Vivaldi spent most of his life working at an institution for orphaned and illegitimate girls in 28. The first and last movements of the concerto grosso are often in ____________ form. 31. The sonata in the baroque period was a composition in several movements for ____ to eight instruments. 33. Bach was recognized as the most eminent ____________ of his day. 35. The large group of players in a concerto grosso is known as the 36. A song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment is called a/an 37. Members of the _________ wanted to create a new vocal style based on the music of the ancient Greek tragedies. 39. A baroque musical composition usually expresses one basic ____________within the same movement. 40. The text, or book, of a musical dramatic work is called the 41. The various dances of the baroque suite are usually in ____________ form.

Down 1. The orchestra evolved during the baroque period into a performing group based on instruments of the ____________ family. 2. The ____________ is the person who beats time, indicates expression, cues in musicians, and controls the balance among instruments and voices. 3. Baroque melodies often are _______ and _________ 4. The main keyboard instruments of the baroque period were the organ and the 5. Vivaldi wrote _________ for a great variety of instruments. 7. An ____________ is a play, set to music, sung to orchestral accompaniment, with scenery, costumes, and action. 8. The solo instruments in Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 are the ____________, violin, and harpsichord. 12. Monteverdi's vocal music ordinarily was supported by a ____________ and other instruments. (two words) 14. ____________ were male singers who had been castrated before puberty. 15. The first oratorios were based on stories from the _______. 17. A sung piece, or choral work with or without vocal soloists, usually with orchestral accompaniment, is the 19. Most early baroque operas were based on _______ mythology and ancient history. 20. Oratorio differs from opera in that it has no _______, scenery, or costumes. 21. Baroque suites frequently begin with a ___________ ____________ (Two words) 24. To evoke angry or warlike feelings in some of his texts, Monteverdi introduced new orchestral effects, including pizzicato and 29. Turning the subject of a fugue upside down, or reversing the direction of each interval, is called 30. Handel spent the major portion of his life in 32. Handel's Messiah is an example of 33. A large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative biblical text, is called 34. A Vivaldi concerto usually has ____________ movements. 37. In the baroque period the ordinary citizen's opportunities for hearing music usually came from the 38. Oratorios first appeared in