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Across 5. Claim by Chinese kings of the Zhou dynasty that had directed authority from heaven to rule and keep order in the universe. 10. When people are governed by the "rule of many". 11. A state whose military and political power is held by the sultan. 13. Holy scriptures of Islam. 14. A man who separats himself from ordinary human society in order to dedicate himself to God. 15. A means of determining guilt in Germanic Law. 16. An official in charge of a Province. 17. The journey of Muhammad and his followers to Madinah. 19. Geometric patterns repeated over and over. 22. An extended family unit within a larger community. 26. A form of governement in which the leader is not king and certain citizens have the right to vote. 27. A muslim group that accepts only the descendants of the Umayyads as true rulers. 28. A person sent out to carry a religious message. 32. A rapid increase in prices. 36. The crier who calls the Muslim faithful to prayer. 37. An instrument used by sailors. 39. Regular church members. 40. A muslim group that accepts only the descendents of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali as true rulers. 41. Military expeditions carried out by European Christians in the Middle Ages.

Down 1. A nomadic Arab who lives in the Arabian, Syrian or North African deserts. 2. A gift of money or property paid at the time of marriage. 3. Upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on. 4. The head of the Eastern Orthodox Church, appointed by the Byzantine emperor. 5. Practice of living the life of a monk. 6. The head of a convent. 7. Arabic for GOD, the supreme god of Islam. 8. A group of Christian communities, or parishes under the authority of a bishopric. 9. A covered market in Islamic cities. 12. A heavy, wheeled plow with an iron plowshare. 18. A pilgrimage to Makkah. 20. An epidemic disease. 21. "money for a man" 23. Political and social order that developed during the Middle Ages. 24. A woman who separates herself from ordinary human society in order to dedicate herself to God. 25. A grant of land made to a vassal. 28. Belief in one God. 29. The ruler of an Arabic tribe. 30. Picture of religious images. 31. "the rule of a few" 33. The worship of religious images. 34. Church leaders. 35. A man who served a lord in a military capacity. 38. A peasant legally bound to the land who had to provide labor services and pay rent.