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Across 5. Allele pairs separate independently during the formation of gametes. Traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one another. 6. A specific sequence of three consecutive nucleotides that is part of the genetic code. It specifies a particular amino acid in a protein or starts or stops protein synthesis. 9. Genetic change in a population of organisms that occurs over time. 10. Scientist who led to discovery of DNA double helix. 13. A protein component of the immune system that circulates in the blood, recognizes foreign substances, and tags them for removal from the body. 14. A chart showing all the potential genotypes of offspring that two parents can produce. 15. A genotype consisting of two different alleles of a gene for a particular trait. 17. The transference of genes from one population to another. 19. A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. 20. A fertilized egg. 21. The full genetic complement of an individual. 22. Type of plant Mendel used in his experiments.

Down 1. An alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA coding for a gene or a change in the physical arrangement of a chromosome 2. The first generation of offspring resulting from a cross mating. 3. An individual who is heterozygous for a trait when the trait only shows up in the phenotype those who are homozygous recessive for it. 4. Cell division in the testes and ovaries that results in haploid cells. 6. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that results in recombinant chromosomes. 7. The amino acid the start codon always encodes for in humans. 8. Gene that is carried by the X chromosome. 11. A specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome. 12. Alternate forms or variants of a gene. 14. Having to do with genes at two or more loci. 16. The genetic makeup of an individual. 18. A genetic descendant or offspring.