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Across 2. A change in rhetorical stance, essential to the overall meaning of the poem 4. Number of stanzas, rhyme scheme, spacing pattern, refrain or combination thereof 8. Reader's first experience, often encapsulates meaning of the work 9. Words grouped for artistic or thematic effect. The standard division of poetic text, and its defining quality. 10. A startling and often unexpected comparison between two wildly dissimilar things 11. One thing that represents or stands for another 12. The pattern and count of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line

Down 1. Literary shorthand techniques used by the author to create effect 3. Descriptive language that evokes one of the five senses 5. The type of words an author chooses 6. The emotional stance of the narrator 7. Word order