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Across 2. adaptation for Human use 3. settlement of people living in a new Territory, liked with the parent country by trade, and direct government control 5. set of rigid categories in ancient India that determined a person’s occupation and economic potential as well as his or her position in society (2 Words) 6. the difference in value between what a nation imports and what it exports over time (3 Words) 7. a family of languages spoken in central and southern Africa 10. monotheistic religion that emerged during the first century 11. business associated with a particular trade or craft 12. military expedition carried out by European Christians in the Middle Ages to take the Holy land 13. Wedge shaped Babylonian writing system 14. major Indian religious system 15. a republic 17. outbreak of disease that spreads rapidly 19. movement that developed in Northern Europe during the Renaissance combining classical learning, with the goal of reforming the Catholic Church (2 Words) 21. journey of Muhammad from Makkah to Madinah in 622 A.D 22. picture writing used by ancient Egyptians 27. government by the people, either directly or through their elected representatives 28. political and social system that developed during the middle ages 32. declare invalid 33. a chain of Islands 36. release from all or part of a punishment for a sin by the Catholic Church 37. church leaders 38. a fortified gathering place a the top of a hill which sometimes is the site of temples and public buildings 39. administrative organization that relies on nonelective officials and regular procedures 41. successor to Muhammad as spiritual and temporal leader of Muslims 44. uniform system of law that developed in England based on court decisions and on custom. Replaced legal codes that varied from place to place 45. belief that kings get their right to Rule directly from God (4 Words) 48. “The Way of the Warrior,” the strict code by which Japanese Samurai were supposed to live 49. gift of money or property paid at the time of a marriage either by the bride’s parents to her husband or in Islamic societies, by a husband to his wife 50. an artistic style of the seventeenth century characterized by complex forms, bold ornamentation, and contrasting elements 51. a printing done on fresh wet plaster with water-based paints

Down 1. family of ruler’s whose right to rule is passed on within the family 2. system of government in which the people participate directly in the decision making process (2 Words) 4. under feudalism, a grant of land made to a vassal; the vassal held authority in his fief 5. a complex culture in which large numbers of people share a number of common elements such as social structure, religion or art 6. religious doctrine introduced in Northern India in the Sixth century B.C., by Siddhartha Gautama 8. speaking against the teachings of the church 9. political system in which ruler holds total power 16. economic system in which people invest in trade goods to make profits (2 Words) 17. large political unit, usually under a single leader, that controls many people in many territories 18. monotheistic religion that emerged in the Arabian Peninsula during the seventh century 20. Spanish Conqueror of the Americas 23. an instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the positions of Stars 24. a fleet of warships 25. Russian word for Emperor based on Caesar 26. humans and other human like creatures that walk upright 29. system of political and ethical ideals formulated by Chinese philosopher Confucius 30. Commander –in-chief, Latin origin of the word Emperor 31. a city that has political and economic control over the surrounding countryside 34. the duty of family members to subordinate their needs and desires to those of the male head of the family (2 Words) 35. a court established by the Catholic Church in 1232 to discover and try heretics 40. intellectual movement of the renaissance based on the study of the humanities 42. long poem that tells the deeds of a great hero, such as th Iliad and the Odyssey (2 Words) 43. a rapid increase in prices 46. heads of noble families in Japan who controlled vast landed estates and relied on Samurai for protection 47. a Russian Noble 49. the key to proper behavior under Confucianism