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Across 5. Cell division that creates sperm and egg cells 7. When the physical description is given such as blonde hair, brown eyes, tall, this is called: 9. When genes are written out such as, AA, Aa, or aa, this is called: 11. The order in which species evolved is shown on a diagram called a: 12. An allele (trait) that is always expressed (can be seen) whenever it is present is called: (Dominant or Recessive) 15. During which step of meiosis does crossing over occur? 18. Humans have 46 chromosomes. Dad's sperm gets half of 46 to join with mom's half of 46. How many chromosomes does dad's sperm have? 20. Change in species over time is called: 21. Normal cells become ___________ cells when uncontrolled cell division occurs 23. rr is an example of __________________ recessive for the trait 24. __________ is a process in which an organism is made that is genetically identical to another organism 26. Animals who have a backbone, or vertebral column are called 28. When chromosomes share corresponding pieces of DNA, this process is called: 29. The part of the cell cycle where the centromeres divide and are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell

Down 1. The _________________ Square is used to show the probably outcomes of a genetic cross 2. This mutation causes a cell to have an extra chromosome 3. Animals such as the crayfish and other arthropods have ______________ appendages, meaning they have joints that bend 4. When new species are formed, this process is called: 6. The process by which the nucleus is divided into two nuclei 8. The part of the cell cycle where all the chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell 10. During the ______________ phase of the cell cycle, DNA makes a copy of (replicates) itself 11. This part of the earthworm is used for reproduction 12. Animals with similar bone and body structures are also thought to have similar genetic material or ______. 13. The region of a chromosome where two sister chromatids are held together is called a: 14. The arm bones of a human are almost identical to the arm bones of a Penguin. These almost identical structures are called _____________________ structures 16. Haploid means half. If an organism has a haploid number of 6, how many chromosomes does the organism have? (Double it!) 17. We use Latin scientific names so biologists around the world have a common _______________ to communicate with 19. Tt is an example of: 22. Genetic ___________________ is a process in which genes are moved from a chromosome of one organism to a chromosome of a different organism 25. The simplest form of reproduction is __________________ reproduction 27. Fertilization is an example of ___________________ reproduction