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Across 7. absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level 8. a town or city in a cattle-raising area of western North America. 10. the party program adopted at the formative convention of the Populist Party 11. an article written by Andrew Carnegie in 1889 that describes the responsibility of philanthropy by the new upper class 12. Patrons of Husbandry, a farmers' movement involving the affiliation of local farmers into area 15. co-founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust. 19. Old Law Tenements are tenements built in New York City after the Tenement House Act of 1879 and before the New York State Tenement House Act of 1901 24. the combination in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies. 28. American financier, banker, philanthropist and art collector who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation during his time 29. people of different backgrounds come to see themselves as part of a larger national family 31. a large area of grazing land without fences or other barriers. 32. a steel-making process, now largely superseded, in which carbon, silicon, and other impurities are removed from molten pig iron by oxidation in a blast of air in a special tilting retort 33. American politician most notable for being the "boss" of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th century New York 34. an island in New York Bay that was formerly the principal immigration station for the United States

Down 1. delivered by William Jennings Bryan, a former United States Representative from Nebraska, at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago on July 9, 1896. 2. considered the "Father" of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry. 3. An area with a much higher concentration of a particular ethnic or cultural group that doesn't dominate in the general population. 4. a cowboy; a cattle driver. 5. United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860-1925) 6. was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America 9. consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South 13. post civil war immigrants from southern and eastern europe 14. the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals 16. A third-party movement that sprang up in the 1890s and drew support especially from disgruntled farmers 17. island in San Francisco Bay that offers expansive views of the San Francisco skyline, the Marin County Headlands and Mount Tamalpais. 18. authorized the President of the United States to survey Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians 20. ederal law established in 1883 that stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit 21. steel manufacturer and philanthropist 22. the exclusion of employees by their employer from their place of work until certain terms are agreed to. 23. wire with clusters of short, sharp spikes set at intervals along it, used to make fences or in warfare as an obstruction. 25. United States political cartoonist (1840-1902) 26. a system allowing the unrestricted currency of two metals (e.g., gold and silver) as legal tender at a fixed ratio to each other. 27. a refusal to work organized by a body of employees as a form of protest, typically in an attempt to gain a concession or concessions from their employer. 30. regulatory agency in the United States