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MT 1 Review

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Across
5.Cows should be vaccinated for IBR, BVD, Lepto, and Campylobacter before breeding to protect against ___.
6.This is one fetal reflex we can check on a calf to determine if it's alive.
7.The end of Stage I of parturition is marked by the appearance of the ____ at the vulva.
10.This type of anesthesia is usually used for bovine C-sections.
12.This layer of the blastocyst differentiates into the GIT, liver, and lungs
13.Cows should be vaccinated during the last trimester of pregnancy to prevent ___.
15.The Ford ___ is one type of suture pattern used to close the skin after a bovine C-section.
19.This fetal structure allows blood to mix between the pulmonary after and the aorta (2 words).
20.This layer of the placenta lies directly around the fetus
21.This "hole" between the right and left atria in the fetal heart should close within 30 minutes of birth (2 words)
22.If a calf starts scouring at less than 3 days of age, it is likely infected with ___.
23.Before dehorning a calf, we should always perform a ___ ___ for pain control (2 words)
26.If a newborn calf doesn't have a heartbeat, we can try injecting ____.
31.This venereal disease is something we test the bull's prepuce to diagnoses.
33.The maternal portion of the placentae in cows and ewes
36.An animal that has had many parturitions
38.Swollen and painful udder; milk with clots or flakes; positive CMT; may cause fever and systemic illness
39.The stimulation for parturition to begin is when the fetus starts to become ___.
41.A 40 kg calf will need ____ L of milk divided into 3 or 4 feedings
42.If a cow is experiencing ___ uterine inertia, she will respond to oxytocin.
43.This species has a gestation length of 283 days
45.Once we have pulled a calf, we should always go back in and check for a twin or vaginal ____.
46.This type of bovine prolapse is hereditary.
48.If the vulva is very, very tight, we may make an incision to enlarge the opening. This is called an ______.
52.The best way to disinfect a calf's umbilicus is with ___ spray.
53.The treatment for Milk Fever
54.___ edema - swelling and congestion before and after calving cows; milk is normal.
55.A placenta is considered retained in a cow if not passed within ___ hours.
56.The umbilical vessels include 2 umbilical arteries, 1 umbilical vein, and 1 ____.
57.Calves should receive injections of these 3 vitamins and selenium at birth.
Down
1.The end of Stage II of parturition is marked by the expulsion of the ___.
2.When submitting an aborted fetus to the lab, it is very important to also submit the ___.
3.This animal has a gestation length of 355 days
4.We give a prostaglandin and ____ to induce a cow to calve.
5.Any cow requiring assistance calving should receive oxytocin, anti-inflammatories, and an ________.
6.Cows and ewes have this type of placenta.
8.A heifer calf born twin to a bull - she will be infertile.
9.An animal that releases more than one ovum and has multiple offspring
11.At birth, the levels of estrogen and prostaglandins increase, while the level of ____ decreases.
14.In cows, _____ can detect pregnancy at 21 days, and can sex the embryo at 65 days.
16.The piece of equipment used to cut up a dead, rotten calf to deliver it vaginally.
17.This zoonotic disease in cows causes abortion. Vaccine can only be given by an accredited veterinarian.
18.A fetus that is carried until term, but is born dead and never breathed.
24.This type of needle is used to place a pursestrings suture after a cow has prolapsed.
25.If a fetus appears very yellow during birth, this is the result of stress and the passing of the _____.
27.When applying chains to pull a calf, we should place two ___ _____ (2 words).
28.This tool is used to open the scrotum when castrating a calf - ___ knife.
29.Caused by Campylobacter - results in EED.
30.The cells of a morula divide and a hollow cavity forms - this structure is called a ____
32.If using ___ to induce parturition, we need to have high estrogen levels and an open cervix.
33.In the last 5-10 days of gestation, the fetal pituitary gland starts producing rising levels of ____.
34.Young calves can be castrated by application of an ____ ring.
35.A mixture of blood and sloughed endometrium that can pass for several weeks after parturition
37.This type of bovine prolapse is an emergency.
40.___ in calves must be ingested within 12-24 hours of birth for the antibodies to be absorbed.
44.These 2 viral diseases in cattle are very significant causes of abortion in western Canada.
47.When a sperm enters an ovum and fertilization occurs, the structure is called a _____
49.The end of Stage III of parturition is marked by the expulsion of the ___.
50.If a cow is showing signs of Stage I for more than ___ hours, it is time to intervene.
51.A ____ infection can calves can progress to infection of the liver, brain, or joints.

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