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Across 5. language of the common people 7. united the Franks 8. a shield marked with designs of a particularr family or group 10. a holder of land under feudal agreements 12. painter, technical perfection 14. 10% of a person's income that went to the church 18. combat or mock combat with lances between two knights 19. the main church for a bishop 20. "crowned" emperor by the Pope, Papal power is greater than the monarch 21. medieval way of life

Down 1. also known as William the Conqueror 2. a landless person who raises crops; bound to a feudal manor 3. modern day French people 4. a place where a community of monks live lives of devotion to God 6. the lands over which a person has control, land owned by a lord 8. religious persons ordained by the church 9. privileged class based on inherited wealth and high social position 11. farming just enough to survive 13. knightly qualities such as valor, honor, fairness, and respect 15. religious wars fought between Christians and Muslims over the Holy Land 16. the first part of the middle ages from around 500-1000A.D. 17. people of high birth