Across 3. an acceptance that a statement is true or that something exists. Trust, faith, or confidence in someone or something. 5. faith or belief) in Islamic theology denotes a believer's faith in the metaphysical aspects of Islam. 7. dynasty, also spelled Omayyad, the first great Muslim dynasty to rule the empire of the caliphate (661–750 ce), sometimes referred to as the Arab kingdom 10. the action of becoming larger or more extensive. 13. is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. 14. a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. 16. in the social sciences, a ranking of positions of authority, often associated with a chain of command and control. 17. For Jews (see also Jews) and Christians (see also Christian), the promised “anointed one” or Christ; the Savior. 18. a Muslim ascetic and mystic. 19. a serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one. 20. a new method, idea, product, etc. 24. the act, process, or result of unifying 26. a Muslim place of worship. 28. the condition, process, or place of purification or temporary punishment in which, according to medieval Christian and Roman Catholic belief, the souls of those who die in a state of grace are made ready for heaven. 29. the body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church. 30. the Muslims of the branch of Islam comprising sects believing in Ali and the Imams as the only rightful successors of Muhammad and in the concealment and messianic return of the last recognized Imam 31. the monotheistic religion of the Jews.

Down 1. was a combination of legal, economic, military and cultural customs that flourished in Medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries. 2. (in the Christian Church) a religious ceremony or ritual regarded as imparting divine grace, such as baptism, the Eucharist and (in the Roman Catholic and many Orthodox Churches) penance and the anointing of the sick. 4. of, relating to, or being a Christian church having a hierarchy of priests and bishops under the pope, a liturgy centered in the Mass, veneration of the Virgin Mary and saints, clerical celibacy, and a body of dogma including transubstantiation and papal infallibility 6. to cut off from communion with a church or exclude from the sacraments of a church by ecclesiastical sentence. 8. is a period in a field of endeavor when great tasks were accomplished. 9. a journey, especially a long one, made to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion: a pilgrimage to Lourdes 11. is the act of harassing or oppressing a person or a group of people, especially because of their identity. 12. also known as Karl and Charles the Great, was a medieval emperor who ruled much of Western Europe from 768 to 814. In 771 14. the religion derived from Jesus Christ, based on the Bible as sacred scripture, and professed by Eastern, Roman Catholic, and Protestant bodies. 15. the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods. 19. body of laws made within certain Christian churches (Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, independent churches of Eastern Christianity, and the Anglican Communion) by lawful ecclesiastical authority for the government both of the whole church and parts thereof and of the behaviour and actions of individuals. 21. forward or onward movement toward a destination. 22. any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of northwestern Europe in the 8th–11th centuries. 23. Member of one of the two major branches of Islam, the branch that consists of the majority of that religion’s adherents. 25. a building used for public Christian worship. 27. the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah. 28. the Bishop of Rome as head of the Roman Catholic Church.