Cardiovascular System II

This crossword puzzle covers the last portion of the class material (valves through cardiac cycle)

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Across 1. Renegade cells are firing 10. Cell junction responsible for ion movement between myocytes 11. This portion of the conducting system will set the pace of the heart if the SA node is no longer functioning 12. 85% of the oxygen within the heart is used during this phase 15. At rest the heart completes this in 0.8 Sec 16. Irregular heart beat due to uncoordinated electrical events 18. Initation of an action potential occurs here. 21. AV node is pacing 23. The heart has a great deal of difficulty adapting to sudden, ________ changes such as a ruptured chordae tendinae 25. Lower chambers that pump the same volume at the same time 31. Narrow valve oriface is said to be ___________. 33. Enlargement of heart muscle due to disease or exercise 34. A group of cells that function as a unit. 35. Contraction phase of the cardiac cycle 36. Once a mechanical valve is placed the patient must be on ______ therapy for the rest of their life. 37. 85% of the work of the heart is __________ work used to open the semilunar valves 38. Cardiac myocytes burn this for energy in a fasting state 39. 99% of the myocytes are ______________. 40. The influx of this ion results in the plateau phase of the cardiac myocyte

Down 2. More blood returning to the heart will stretch the ventricular myocardium and a more forceful contraction will occur 3. EDV - ESV 4. Cardac myocytes do not experience this type of muscle contraction 5. Pressue is 25/0 mmHg 6. Action potential moves to the ventricules via this portion of the conducting system 7. This nerve slow SA node depolarization 8. The percentage of blood ejected from the heart is known as the ________ 9. SV X HR 13. Purkinge fibers are electrically coupled to the _______ cells 14. The volume of blood in the ventricles immediately prior to contraction 17. Rapid heart rate (greater than 100 beats/min) 19. The term used to describe the myocytes abiltity to generate an action potential without nervous input 20. Pattern cardiac myocytes form 22. Sodium leaks into the nodal cells via these channels 24. 23-40% of the myocytes cell volume is composed ot these organelles 26. Divsion of the autonomic system that increases the rate and force of contraction of the heart 27. Leaking or backflow due to a damaged valve is know as a _________valve. 28. Slow than normal heart beat (<60 beats/min) 29. The location of both regions of nodal cells 30. Relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle 32. 15% of the work of the heart is used to move the blood into the outflow vessels

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