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Across 3. a regional or cultural variety of language differing from standard American English in pronunciation, grammar, or word choice 4. a person’s personality, interests, and aspirations (2 words) 7. the distance, usually about eighteen inches, at which people feel comfortable communicating with family members and close friends (2 words) 12. anything that gets in the way of clear communication 13. a return message 17. forms of mass communication, including radio, television, and video (2 words) 19. a subsystem of an established language 20. the thoughts and feelings that distract people from listening to what is said (2 words) 21. a person’s affiliations, educational background, and occupation (2 words) 22. ideas and feelings that make up the content of communication 24. the process of turning ideas and feelings into verbal and nonverbal symbols 26. interference caused by words that trigger strong negative feelings against the speaker or the content of the speech (2 words) 27. the distance, beyond twelve feet between speaker and audience, at which such types of communication as public speeches or oral readings take place (2 words) 28. 1. the hidden meaning of a word; the feelings and associations that a word evokes 29. a system of spoken and written words (2 words) 31. the distance, for four to twelve feet, at which interviews and formal conversations occur (2 words) 32. adopting facial expressions normally associated with one feeling to disguise other, true feelings 34. an artistic form of communication in which a story dealing with human conflict is acted out on a stage 37. a face-to-face communication of a small number of people who meet for a specific purpose, such as to arrive at a decision, to brainstorm ideas, to share information, or to solve a problem (2 words) 38. the listeners or spectators attending a presentation or performance; the people who hear a speech 39. the process of sharing information by using symbols to send and receive messages 40. the use of facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, position, and movement to communicate (2 words) 42. communication without words (2 words) 44. all features of the immediate surroundings, including color, lighting, sound, and space 45. any means used to communicate without words, including gestures, sounds, facial expressions, and movements (2 words) 47. a performing art in which literature is read aloud and interpreted for an audience (2 words) 48. a set of rules for conducting orderly meetings (2 words) 49. in language learning to apply a rule of language to all cases 50. any sound that prevents a person from being heard (2 words)

Down 1. ideas and feelings that make up the content of communication 2. a person’s age, religion, and national and ethnic background (2 words) 5. the communication that occurs between two or more people (2 words) 6. the casual, unstructured situations in which most communication occurs (2 words) 8. the person who receives a message 9. communication situations that people can prepare ahead of time, such as interviews, group discussions, and debates (2 words) 10. the dictionary meaning of a word 11. a verbal response stating one person’s understanding of someone else’s nonverbal behavior (2 words) 14. something that stands for something else 15. the person who sends a message 16. a formal speaking situation in which one person addresses an audience of many individuals to entertain, inform, or persuade them (2 words) 18. language that is used by people within a particular group or field, but is not necessarily understood by those outside the group 21. language that follows the rules and guidelines found in grammar and composition books (3 words) 23. words (2 words) 25. formalized public speaking in which participants prepare and present speeches on opposite sides of an issue to determine which side has the stronger arguments 30. a group of elements that work together 33. highly informal language that is formed by creating new words or giving common words new meaning 34. finding the meaning of verbal and nonverbal signals 35. a type of nonverbal communication that uses voice variation and non-word sounds to accompany a verbal message 36. the distance, from eighteen inches to four feet, at which conversations occur between acquaintances (2 words) 41. a formal meeting, usually face-to-face, in which people obtain information by asking questions 43. the means for sending communication 46. the signals of nonverbal communication such as body language, appearance, and the sound of voice