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Across 1. An aspect of the situational context of communication dealing with the physical space that affects our nonverbal communication. 5. Nonverbal behavior that clarifies and emphasizes specific information in a verbal message. 6. Cultures that depend on touch as an important form of communication. 7. A culture that is less touchsensitive or even tends to avoid touch. 10. Movements and gestures that have a direct verbal translation in a particular group or culture. 11. When one set of behaviors says one thing, and another set says something different. 14. The study of how people perceive the use of time. 15. Nonverbal behavior that matches (without actually mirroring) the verbal message it accompanies. 16. The claiming of an area, with or without legal basis, through continuous occupation of that area. 20. Using nonverbal cues to aid in the coordination of verbal interaction. 21. The vocalized sounds that accompany words. How we pause, the speed and volume of our speech, and the inflections we use are vocalized nonverbal messages. 22. Symbols we use to send messages without, or in addition to, words. 26. The study of the way we use and communicate with space. 29. The process of intentionally or unintentionally signaling meaning through behavior other than words. 30. Replacing words with nonverbal cues. 31. Variations in the voice that give prominence to certain words or syllables. 32. The feeling of closeness, involvement, and warmth between people as communicated by nonverbal behavior. 33. A facial management technique in which an expression that shows true feeling is replaced with an expression that shows appropriate feeling for a given interaction. 34. A modulation of the voice, usually expressing a particular feeling or mood.

Down 2. Vocalizations that signal when we want to talk versus when we are just encouraging others to continue their talking. 3. A psychological aspect of the situational context of communication, dealing with our perceptions of personal versus impersonal situations. 4. The study of the use of eyes to communicate. 5. Body movements that convey feelings, moods, and reactions; they are often unintentional, reflecting the sender’s emotions. 8. Body movements that reinforce verbal messages and help to visually explain what is being said. 9. Nonverbal behavior that conveys meaning opposite of the verbal message. 12. Accessories carried or used on the body for decoration or identification. 13. The synchronized and usually unconscious pattern of imitating or matching gestures, body position, tone, and facial expressions to create social connections between people. 17. Paralinguistic cues that give information about the speaker’s emotional or physical state, for example, laughing, crying, or sighing. 18. Body movements that help us to manage our interactions. 19. The study of touch as a form of communication. 23. Nonverbal behavior that offers a clear nonverbal cue that repeats and mirrors the verbal message 24. The way gestures and body movements communicate meaning. 25. Body movements that satisfy some physical or psychological need, such as rubbing your eyes when you’re tired or twisting your hair when you’re nervous or bored. 27. How loud or soft the voice is. 28. The attempt to convince others of something that is false.