| weathering | | a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic materials, water and air |
| erosion | | same processes that operate today operated in the past |
| uniforitarianism | | the removal of rock particles by wind, water, |
| mechanical weathering | | a crumbly dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals. |
| abrasion | | grinding away of rock particles carried by water, ice, wind and gravity |
| ice wedging | | a farmer plants different crops in a field each year |
| chemical weathering | | the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface |
| oxidation | | Rock is phyically broken into smaller pieces |
| permeable | | the tick mass of though roots at the surface of soil |
| soil | | means that material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it. |
| Humus | | formed by a loose layer of leaves that have been shedded. |
| fertility | | Iron combines with oxygen to form rust |
| loam | | is anything in the envirnoment that humans use |
| soil horizon | | dark colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay |
| topsoil | | soil that is made up of equal parts of clay, sand and silt. |
| subsoil | | the measure of how well the soil supports plant growth. |
| litter | | a layer of soil that differs in color and texture form the layers above or below it. |
| Decomposers | | the process of ice wedging in rocks that deepen and widen cracks. |
| sod | | farmers disturb the soil and its plant cover as little as possible |
| natural resource | | ruined farmland in western Oklahoma |
| Dust Bowl | | farmers plow their fields along curves of a slope |
| Soil Conservation | | organisms that break down the remains of dead organisms |
| contour plowing | | is the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
| conservation plowing | | sol that usually consists of clay and other particles. |
| crop rotation | | is the management of soil to prevent its destruction |