| Sublimation | | Communication or behavior done to negate a previously unacceptable act |
| Suppression | | Reverting to an earlier level of development when anxious or stressed |
| Undoing | | Indirectly expressing aggression toward others; a facade of overt compliance masks covert resentment |
| Rationalization | | Involuntary exclusion of a painful thought of memory from awareness |
| Reaction Formation | | Substituting an unacceptable feeling for an acceptable one |
| Regression | | Offering an acceptable, logical explanation for unacceptable feelings and behaviors making it acceptable |
| Repression | | Separation of feelings, ideas, or impulse from one's thought process |
| Introjection | | Intentional exclusion of feelings and ideas |
| Isolation/Reframing | | Attempt to be like someone or emulate the personality traits or behavior of another person |
| Passive-aggression | | Transference of feelings to another person or object |
| Denial | | Using reason to avoid emotional conflict |
| Displacement | | Incorporation of values or qualities of an admired person or group into one's own ego structure |
| Identification | | Unconscious failure to acknowledge an event, thought, or feeling that is too painful for conscious awareness |
| Intellectualization | | Development of conscious attributes and behaviors that are the opposite of what is really felt |