| the sun | | dark regions on the surface of the photosphere; appear dark because of their temperature |
| photosphere | | above photosphere; it is observable for a few moments during a total solar eclipse. |
| chromosphere | | deep in the sun's interior, sun produces energy by this process; energy is released because some matter is actually converted to energy. |
| corona | | huge cloudily structures consisting of chromospheric gases |
| solar wind | | radiates most of the sunlight we see |
| sunspots | | outermost portion of solar atmosphere; visible only when the brilliant photosphere is covered. |
| prominences | | most explosive events associated with sunspots; brief outbursts that normally last about an hour and appear as a sudden brightening of the region above a sunspot cluster. |
| solar flares | | one of the 100 billion stars that make up the Milky Way galaxy; source of 99 percent of all energy on earth |
| auroras | | streams of protons and electrons ejected at high speed from the solar corona |
| nuclear fusion | | most spectacular effects of solar flares |