| Stress | | Taking action on the stressor itself; attending to the cause of the stress ;Offers long-term benefits |
| Stressor | | When appraising stressors as a threat, we tend to be stressed to the level of distraction, we react and decrease personal responsibility for change [stress response causes an increase in continued stress response] |
| 3 Phases of Stress: The General Adaptation Syndrome | | Taking personal control and seeing the cause of stress as yourself; self-blaming (both healthy and unhealthy) |
| Fight-or-Flight | | Any stimulus or event that elicits (causes) a stress response |
| Tend-and-Befriend | | Anticipating a positive outcome |
| Problem-Focused Coping | | Personal strength; effectiveness in coping and finding success in struggle |
| Emotion-Focused Coping | | Self-perceived happiness |
| Learned Helplessness | | Alarm = reflex to mobilize resources; Resistance = coping [denial, avoiding, rationalizing]: behaviors and thoughts intended to address the stressor ;Exhaustion = bodily resources depleted |
| Stress Appraisal Perception | | Protective measures (protecting offspring or resources) and seeking social support (formation of social alliances) ;More common amongst females |
| Threat vs. Challenge | | A reflexive response to a stressor which serves to protect the body/mind and address the stressor |
| External Locus of Control | | Forces outside of self are responsible for your current state of stress |
| Internal Locus of Control | | Anticipating a negative outcome |
| Mindfulness Meditation | | Being aware of stresses and focusing on successful coping strategies |
| Optimism | | (how you view) the stressor and role in the stress response |
| Pessimism | | Taking action on your response; attending to your emotional needs and attempting to feel better about the situation ;Offers short-term benefits |
| Subjective Well-Being | | Confronting the stressor or avoiding it; removes the stressor or you from the stressful situation More common amongst males |
| Resilience | | Tendency to be helpful when you are in a good mood |
| Feel-Good, Do-Good Phenomenon | | Perceived lack of control that leads to giving up ;Outcomes of your behavior are never successful so you stop responding at all; belief that no coping strategy will be effective |
