Rule of law		Concept that laws are enforced only through accepted, codified procedures.
Common law		Legal system in which each case is considered in terms of how it relates to legal decisions that have already been made; evolves through judicial decisions over time.
Global mindset		Process by which an organization moves an employee out of an international assignment; can involve moving back to the home country, moving to a different global location, or moving to a new location or position in the current host country.
Due process		Method by which an organization relocates its processes or production to an international location through subsidiaries or third-party affiliates.
Civil law		Concept that stipulates that no individual is beyond the reach of the law and that authority is exercised only in accordance with written and publicly disclosed laws.
Cultural intelligence		Relocation of business processes or production to a lower-cost location inside the same country as the business.
Jurisdiction		Ability to take an international perspective, inclusive of other cultures’ views.
Low-context cultures		Globalization strategy that emphasizes adapting to the needs of local markets and allows subsidiaries to develop unique products, structures, and systems.
High-context cultures		Societies or groups characterized by complex, usually long-standing networks of relationships; members share a rich history of common experience, so the way they interact and interpret events is often not apparent to outsiders.
Culture		Organizations that own or control production or service facilities in one or more countries other than the home country.
Local responsiveness (LR)		Societies in which relationships have less history; individuals know each other less well and don’t share a common database of experience, so communication must be very explicit.
Repatriation		Process by which an organization contracts with third-party vendors to provide selected services/activities instead of hiring new employees.
Multinational enterprises (MNEs)		Extent to which diversity is embraced in management of people, products/services, and branding.
Global integration (GI)		Practice of contracting a part of business processes or production to an external company in a country that is relatively close (for example, within the same own region).
Assignees		Globalization strategy that emphasizes consistency of approach, standardization of processes, and a common corporate culture across global operations.
Globalization		Employees who work outside their home countries.
Offshoring		Process by which employees returning from international assignments reintegrate into their home country’s culture, conditions, and employment.
Outsourcing		Status of growing interconnectedness and interdependency among countries, people, markets, and organizations worldwide.
Onshoring		Extent to which underlying operations such as IT, finance, or HR integrate across locations.
Near-shoring		Capacity to recognize, interpret, and behaviorally adapt to multicultural situations and contexts.
Identity alignment		Legal system based on written codes (laws, rules, or regulations).
Process alignment		Right of a legal body to exert authority over a given geographical territory, subject matter, or persons or institutions.
Redeployment		Basic beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, and customs shared and followed by members of a group, which give rise to the group’s sense of identity.