| gall bladder | | the "throat"; muscular contractions help move food into the esophagus |
| sphincter | | secretes pepsin, gastric lipase and HCl |
| lactase | | portion of the colon that returns to the medial position |
| esophagus | | "food" when it is in the stomach; soupy liquid of food mixed with gastric secretions |
| rectum | | smooth and skeletal muscle tube that passes bolus to the stomach |
| cephalic | | large mucosa folds of the stomach |
| mechanical | | type of digestion facilitated primarily by the accessory organs |
| deglutition | | roof of the mouth formed by maxillae and palatine bones |
| uvula | | attaches the liver to the abdominal wall and diaphragm |
| peptic ulcer | | colon pouches |
| mucosa | | various structures secrete ~7 liters of it per day |
| parotid | | hidden blood, as might occur in the feces of colorectal cancer patients |
| greater omentum | | produces bile (emulsification of fats) |
| cholecystectomy | | enzyme that breaks down lactose; if you don't make it, don't eat cheese! |
| peritonitis | | a disease most often caused by Heliobacter pylori |
| rugae | | surgical removal of the gall bladder |
| pancreas | | an enzyme that breaks down starch |
| jejunum | | location of structures like the kidneys, pancreas and asc. |
| vomiting | | major site of digestion and absorption |
| chemical | | accessory structure: secretes digestive enzymes in a "juice" |
| chyme | | first section of the small intestine; receives secretions from gall bladder and pancreas |
| hard palate | | fold of mucous membrane; attaches tongue to floor of mouth |
| falciform ligament | | adaptations of small intestine that dramatically increase absorption surface area |
| amylase | | condition in which the large intestine does not absorb enough water |
| GERD | | 8-inch terminal portion of the large intestine; final feces production |
| liver | | largest salivary gland; anterior and inferior to ears |
| occult | | the process of taking in food |
| duodenum | | elimination of feces; a.k.a. egestion |
| appendix | | condition in which reflux occurs from the stomach into the esophagus |
| retroperitoneal | | important in moving food during mastication |
| microvilli | | a.k.a. emesis: forcible expulsion of upper GI tract contents |
| water | | inflammation of saclike outpouchings of the large intestine; inadequate fiber intake is a contributing factor |
| defecation | | rythmic-like contraction of smooth muscle that moves "food" through the GI tract |
| frenulum | | middle portion of the small intestine |
| sigmoid | | stores bile |
| haustra | | muscular structure that regulates the passage of substances throughout the digestive tract |
| small intestine | | the act of swallowing |
| pharynx | | 1 of Mrs. Montgomery's favorite anatomy terms; a bile pigment |
| parietal | | phase of digestion in which the mere sensing of food stimulates salivation |
| diverticulitis | | liver cells |
| peristalsis | | cells that secrete HCl |
| ingestion | | type of digestion accomplished by the mouth and stomach |
| hepatocytes | | peritoneal fold (4 layers) ; contains a great deal of adipose tissue |
| diarrhea | | 3-inch long, twisted, coiled tube; a pain when infected |
| stomach | | microbial infection that causes accute inflammation of the peritoneum |
| bilirubin | | deepest layer of the large intestine; contains simple columnar epithelium |
| tongue | | that little "dangly" thing; helps prevent food from going up into your nasal cavity |
