| opensystem | | The tendancy of convection currents or other moving objects on the surface of Earth to weer sideways from their original course due to Earth's rotation on its axis |
| isolatedsystem | | The name for the Gulf Steam, a large surface current in the ocean, at the point where it reaches the British Isles |
| ElNino | | The solid outer later of Earth's surface, including the crust and upper part of the Earth's mantle |
| troposphere | | The mechanism of energy transfer in which atoms or molecules emit electromagnetic waves |
| rainshadow | | A current of moving air blowing from an ocean or large lake towards land |
| lithosphere | | The tilt of Earth's axis; the angle of the equator with respect to the plane of Earth's orbit around the Sun |
| stratosphere | | A term referring to all the water on or near Earth's surface |
| climate | | A system that allows neither matter not energy to flow across the system's boundary |
| angleofinclination | | A system that allowed energy and matter to cross the system's boundary |
| gulfstream | | A physical change from one state to another |
| landbreeze | | A current of moving air blowing from land onto an ocean or large lake |
| jetstreams | | A lesser force per unit area that the air would exert on a surface |
| northatlanticdrift | | In biology, a combination of organs and tissues that perform a shared complex function (e.g., digestive system); the specific object or group of objects under observation |
| atmosphere | | A disruption of the ocean - atmospheric system in the tropical Pacific that typically occurs every 3 to 7 years |
| radiation | | A disruption of the ocean - atmospheric system that is opposite to that of El Nino, characterized by an increase in the strength of westward moving winds |
| Orographicprecipitation | | A mixture of nitrogen and oxygen and other gases that extend 800km above Earth's surface |
| heatoffusion | | Precipitation that develops when warm, moist air cools and condenses as it rises against mountains |
| sublimation | | A region that recieves little rain because it is situated on the side of a mountain farthest from the prevailing winds |
| system | | Currents of extremely fast moving air located 10-15km above Earth's surface |
| surroundings | | A change in state from a solid directly to a gas, or from a gas to a solid |
| weather | | The quantity of energy required to increase the temperature of 1g of a substance by 1 degrees Celcius |
| Corioliseffect | | The circulation of water among the oceans, land, and the atmosphere |
| radiationbudget | | A term referring to all water temporarily frozen in polar ice caps, snow, permafrost, and glaciers |
| clouds | | Everything other than the system under observations |
| seabreeze | | A greater force per unit area that the air would exert on a surface |
| cryrosphere | | The lowest layer of the atmosphere, reaching from Earth's surface (0km) to 12km above the surface |
| closedsystem | | The thin layer of air, land, and water on or near Earth's surface that contains all life on Earth |
| hydrosphere | | the ability of a surface to reflect light |
| greenhousegases | | A large surface current in the ocean that follows the eastern coastline of the United States and Canada, and then moves across the Atlantic towards Europe |
| highpressure | | The quantity of energy required to melt one mole of a substance |
| specificheatcapacity | | The retention of heat on and above Earth's surface by greenhouse gases |
| biosphere | | The energy and temperature balance maintained on Earth by radiating the same quanity of energy into space as it absorbed by the Sun |
| lowpressure | | The conditions of temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and precipitation at a particular time and place |
| LaNino | | The quanitity of energy required to convert one mole of a substance from a liquid to a gas |
| hydrologiccycle | | A system that allows energy, but not matter to cross the system's boundary |
| greenhouseeffect | | Accumulations of water droplets, found mostly in the troposphere |
| phasechange | | The later of the atmosphere located 13 and 50km above the Earth's surface |
| albedo | | The trend in temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and precipitation over a period of many years |
| heatofvaporization | | Gases that absorb infrared radiation released from Earth's surface and transmit it as hear in all directions, including back to Earth's surface |
