| tephra | | rocks formed from sediments that have been pressed into rock |
| physical weathering | | a break in rock at the boundary between two moving masses |
| crust | | water, ice or windblown sand breaking down rock |
| sedimentary rock | | the volcanic belt that encircles the edge of the Pacific Ocean |
| Ring of Fire | | a trembling or shaking of the earth's crust |
| chemical weathering | | top layer of the earth ranging 40 miles to 3 miles thick |
| core | | breaking of rock without any movement at the break |
| Moho | | the individual substances that make up rocks |
| fracture | | sedimentary or igneous rock changed by heat or pressure |
| soil | | the innermost region of the earth |
| magma | | rocks that form when molten rock solidifies |
| epicenter | | scale to measure the strength of an earthquake |
| magnitude | | scientist who studies the earth |
| focus | | the boundary between the crust and the mantle |
| tremor | | melted rock |
| minerals | | a weak earthquake |
| igneous rock | | the point underground where an earthquake begins |
| earthquake | | rocks that bend without cracking |
| fumaroles | | the place at ground level directly above the focus |
| metamorphic rock | | it's made up of humus and weathered rock |
| fault | | lava fragments that solidify into rock instantly |
| seismologist | | acids breaking down rock |
| geologist | | a scientist who studies earthquakes |
| fold | | an escape vent for underground gases near active volcanoes |