| terracing | | the removal and transport of material by wind, water or ice. |
| erosion | | a process farmers use to change a steep field into a series of smaller flat fields |
| Iron | | loose mixture of small mineral fragments and organic material |
| acid precipitation | | the grinding and wearing down of rock into new substances |
| carbonic acid | | the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces |
| differential weathering | | very small particles of decayed plant and animal material in soil |
| topsoil | | rust is produced by the oxidation of this mineral |
| leaching | | soft, less weather resistant rocks wear away |
| chemical weathering | | precipitation that contains acid due to air pollution |
| soil | | chemical reaction which an element combines with oxygen to form an oxide |
| contour plowing | | breakdown of rock by physical means |
| soil conservation | | the main reason farmers use crop rotation is to slow down the process of |
| bedrock | | when farmers plow across the slope instead of up and down a hill |
| oxidation | | various methods by which humans take care of the soil |
| parent rock | | layer of rock beneath the soil |
| abrasion | | rock that is the source of soil |
| humus | | the acid that is normally involved in the formation of caves |
| weathering | | process by which water flows into cracks in rock and expands as it freezes |
| nutrient depletion | | process that rainwater dissolves and carries away minerals and soil |
| mechanical weathering | | chemical breakdown of rock into new substances |
| ice wedging | | the top layer of soil that generally contains humus |