| Sierra Madre | | religious order expelled by the pope in the middle18th century |
| Acapulco | | the Chinese ghetto of Manila in the 17th and 18th centuries |
| Balintawak | | ousted Marcos in popular revolt in 1986 |
| Guam | | the central backbone of northern Luzon |
| Lapulapu | | Boholano rebel aginst Spain |
| Claveria | | the eastern backbone of Luzon |
| Marcos | | decalred that Filipinos must take on Spanish surnames |
| Cordillera | | the largest island |
| Intramuros | | the monopoly crop developed uder the Basco governorship |
| Parian | | founded the Spanish city of Manila out of a Muslim settlement |
| Aquino | | the Spaniards called them the "little black ones" |
| Luzon | | center of the powerful sultanate who controlled southern maritime trade |
| Homonhon | | the walled city |
| Yami | | northernmost island |
| Aguinaldo | | declared martial law in 1972 |
| Cebu | | Puerto Rico, the Philippines and this island were ceded to the US in 1898 |
| Jesuit | | first president |
| tobacco | | the first city founded by the Spaniards |
| Negritos | | the Mexican port visited by the Manila galleons |
| Mindanao | | the first Philippine island accidentally visited by Magellan |
| Dagohoy | | second largest island |
| Legazpi | | Cebuano chieftain who killed Magellan |
| Sulu | | site of the famous "cry" against the Spaniards |